Sunday, December 27, 2009

Reassessing the Dartmouth Data

Great article from the NY Times over the weekend that challenges some of the conventional wisdom stemming from the Dartmouth Atlas data; i.e. that some hospitals spend twice as much on health care as others without seeing any signficant benefit in outcomes. In probably the most famous health care essay of 2009, Atul Gawande used the Dartmouth data (along with a weekend junket spent eating spicy chili and chicken wings with doctors in McAllen, TX) as a springboard to jump to the conclusion that this discrepancy in spending is a function of the fact that there are some places in America where doctors and hospitals are greedy profit whores who will order needless tests and perform unnecessary procedures all for the sake of MONEY.

The good folks at UCLA Medical Center were one of the hospital systems targeted by Peter Orszag et al as a shining example of the culture of waste and greed that afflicts American health care delivery. And they didn't appreciate the implied censure so much. So they did some research of their own, specifically on those patients with advanced heart failure. What they found is that when you include all patients in the study, not just those who ended up dying, then mortality rates are lower in those California teaching hospitals where resource expenditures are higher. Furthermore, other research has demonstrated that a hospital system's costs are intimately associated with the socioeconomic distribution of its patient population (i.e. lily white Rochester MN provides the Mayo Clinic with a healthier cohort of patients, hence costs are going to be lower than a place like McAllen with its high incidence of obesity, hyperlipidemia, and atherosclerosis.)

The bottom line is that there is no black and white solution to the cost conundrum. Sometimes it's in society's best interest to spend as much as possible on certain patients (let's arbitrarily say ages 30-55) who are not only salvaged, but returned to society as functional entities with aggressive, invasive modern medical intervention. Sometimes, cost depends on the kinds of patients a hospital services. Sometimes it all depends on how data is construed and interpreted.

But it would be a disservice to places like UCLA to simply aver that all our cost problems can be solved if only everyone would "start acting more like Mayo and the Cleveland Clinic". It's far more complex than that. End of life care is a not just an economic issue, it's a moral one. And it's not clear that we as a society are willing or able to start wading into the murky waters of such a moral interrogation. It's far easier to go with the talking point zinger (be more like Mayo!) than to start delving into the hard questions and decisions about terminal care and rationing and the notion of identity/social worth in futile cases.

2 comments:

HudsonMD said...

Jeff,
I just can't believe the claims of efficiency that the evil empires scream about. I would love someone to put my data up against anyone else (especially with all of the ancillary testing that i own). I recently wrote a letter to Dr Toby Cosgrove and a staff cardiologist at the CCF scathing them for poor communication. A patient of mine was sent there for a minor surgical procedure. Had a history of CAD (with recent heart cath and abnormal stress within the last 12 mos). My patients records were never requested by the cardiologist. Instead he just set the patient up foe a same-day heart cath after an abnormal stress. And guess what......medical management just as we decided after his last cath. BTW i did not refer my patient to the CCF, if i had a full letter would have been sent describing his history. The problem i had with this was that the patient underwent an unnecessary procedure and that he only had Medicare B so 80% is out of his pocket. I did receice a response from the cardiologist and Dr Cosgrove and hope that it changes their attitude a bit. Their claims of more efficiency are well over-stated.

HudsonMD said...

sorry 20% out of pocket